Mathematics
Grade 9
15 min
Find the constant of variation
Find the constant of variation
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1
Introduction & Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
Define the constant of variation, 'k'.
Identify whether a relationship is a direct or inverse variation from a problem statement.
Select the correct formula to find the constant of variation for direct relationships.
Select the correct formula to find the constant of variation for inverse relationships.
Calculate the constant of variation, 'k', given a pair of values (x, y).
Write the specific variation equation once 'k' is found.
If you earn $15 per hour, how does your total pay change as you work more hours? 💰 That single number, $15, is the key to the whole relationship!
In this tutorial, you will learn how to find the 'constant of variation', a crucial number that defines the relationship between two changing...
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Key Concepts & Vocabulary
TermDefinitionExample
VariationA mathematical relationship that describes how one variable changes in response to another variable changing.The total cost of apples (C) varies with the number of apples you buy (n).
Direct VariationA relationship where two variables increase or decrease together at the same rate. As one gets bigger, the other gets bigger by a constant factor.The more hours you work, the more money you earn. If you earn $20/hour, your pay is always 20 times the hours worked.
Inverse VariationA relationship where one variable increases as the other decreases. When you multiply them together, you always get the same constant value.The faster you drive, the less time it takes to get to your destination. Speed and time vary inversely for a fixed distance.
Constant of Variation...
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Core Formulas
Finding the Constant of Direct Variation
k = \frac{y}{x}
Use this formula when you are told 'y varies directly as x'. To find the constant 'k', divide the dependent variable (y) by the independent variable (x).
Finding the Constant of Inverse Variation
k = xy
Use this formula when you are told 'y varies inversely as x'. To find the constant 'k', multiply the two variables (x and y) together.
4 more steps in this tutorial
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Challenging
Consider the following table of values for x and y. Determine the type of variation, if any, and find the constant of variation, k.
| x | 2 | 5 | 10 |
|---|----|----|----|
| y | 25 | 10 | 5 |
A.Direct variation, k = 12.5
B.Inverse variation, k = 50
C.Direct variation, k = 0.08
D.Neither direct nor inverse variation
Challenging
To travel 360 miles, a train's travel time (t) varies inversely with its average speed (s). The train has 12 cars and uses 500 gallons of fuel for the trip. If the trip takes 6 hours at an average speed of 60 mph, what is the constant of variation?
A.360
B.10
C.0.1
D.720
Challenging
The volume of a gas (V) varies directly with its temperature (T) and inversely with its pressure (P). The equation is V = kT/P. If a gas has a volume of 20 liters at a temperature of 300 K and a pressure of 1.5 atm, what is the constant of variation, k?
A.4000
B.25
C.0.1
D.10
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