Mathematics Grade 9 15 min

Add, subtract, multiply, and divide integers

Add, subtract, multiply, and divide integers

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1

Introduction & Learning Objectives

Learning Objectives Accurately add integers with both like and unlike signs. Convert any integer subtraction problem into an equivalent addition problem and solve it. Apply the sign rules for multiplication and division to find the product and quotient of any two integers. Evaluate multi-step expressions involving all four integer operations by correctly applying the order of operations (BEDMAS/PEMDAS). Substitute negative integer values into algebraic expressions and simplify them correctly. Solve real-world problems by modeling them with integer operations. Ever wondered how a bank calculates your balance when you deposit money and then make a purchase? 🏦 That's all integer operations in action! This tutorial will review the fundamental rules for adding, subtracting...
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Key Concepts & Vocabulary

TermDefinitionExample IntegerA whole number (not a fraction or decimal) that can be positive, negative, or zero.-15, -2, 0, 7, 42 Absolute ValueThe distance of a number from zero on the number line, always expressed as a non-negative value. It is denoted by two vertical bars around the number.|-9| = 9 and |9| = 9 Opposite (Additive Inverse)Two integers that are the same distance from zero on the number line but on opposite sides. Their sum is always zero.The opposite of 5 is -5, because 5 + (-5) = 0. ProductThe result of multiplying two or more numbers.The product of -6 and 3 is -18. QuotientThe result of dividing one number by another.The quotient of -20 divided by -4 is 5.
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Core Formulas

Subtraction Rule: Add the Opposite a - b = a + (-b) To subtract an integer, you add its opposite. This rule transforms every subtraction problem into an addition problem, simplifying the process. Multiplication & Division Sign Rules (+) × (+) = (+) (-) × (-) = (+) (+) × (-) = (-) (-) × (+) = (-) When multiplying or dividing two integers: if the signs are the same, the result is positive. If the signs are different, the result is negative.

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Sample Practice Questions

Challenging
Evaluate (ab + c) ÷ (a - c) for a = -3, b = 6, and c = -9.
A.-9
B.9
C.-4.5
D.4.5
Challenging
A student simplified 5 - 2(-4 + 2)² and got an answer of 36. The student's work was: Step 1: 3(-4 + 2)²; Step 2: 3(-2)²; Step 3: 3(4); Step 4: 12. Which step contains the first error?
A.Step 1: The student performed subtraction before handling the exponent and multiplication.
B.Step 2: The student incorrectly added -4 and 2.
C.Step 3: The student incorrectly squared -2.
D.The student's work is correct, but the final answer is wrong.
Challenging
If 'a' is a negative integer and 'b' is a positive integer, which of the following expressions MUST result in a negative integer?
A.b - a
B.
C.ab
D.a ÷ (-b)

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