Mathematics
Grade 9
15 min
Add and subtract three or more integers
Add and subtract three or more integers
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1
Introduction & Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
Simplify expressions with multiple consecutive operator signs (e.g., --, +-).
Apply the order of operations (left-to-right) to accurately solve expressions with three or more integers.
Use the grouping strategy (combining positives and negatives separately) to efficiently solve expressions with multiple integers.
By the end of of this lesson, students will be able to evaluate algebraic expressions by substituting given integer values and simplifying the resulting arithmetic.
Translate word problems involving multiple gains and losses into a single mathematical expression and solve it.
Verify solutions to multi-integer operations by applying different calculation strategies.
Ever tracked your score in a video game across multiple rounds with points gained...
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Key Concepts & Vocabulary
TermDefinitionExample
IntegerA whole number (not a fraction or decimal) that can be positive, negative, or zero.-15, -2, 0, 7, 42
Additive Inverse (Opposite)The number that, when added to a given number, results in a sum of zero. The opposite of 'a' is '-a'.The additive inverse of 8 is -8, because 8 + (-8) = 0.
Absolute ValueThe distance of a number from zero on the number line, without considering its direction. It is always non-negative.|-9| = 9 and |9| = 9.
Commutative Property of AdditionThe property that states that the order in which numbers are added does not change the sum.-5 + 8 = 3 is the same as 8 + (-5) = 3. This allows us to reorder terms when grouping.
Associative Property of AdditionThe property that states that the way in which numbers are grouped when...
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Core Formulas
Rule of Signs Simplification
a - (-b) = a + b and a + (-b) = a - b
Before calculating, always simplify double signs. Subtracting a negative is the same as adding a positive. Adding a negative is the same as subtracting a positive.
Method 1: Left-to-Right Evaluation
a - b + c = (a - b) + c
When an expression contains only addition and subtraction, solve it by working strictly from left to right, performing one operation at a time.
Method 2: Grouping Strategy
a - b + c - d = (a + c) + (-b - d)
A more efficient method for long expressions. Identify all positive terms and all negative terms. Sum the positives, sum the negatives, and then combine the two results. This uses the Commutative and Associative Properties.
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Challenging
Evaluate the expression p - (q - r) - s for p = -10, q = -5, r = 3, and s = -12.
A.-14
B.10
C.-6
D.0
Challenging
A submarine is at a depth of 200 meters below sea level. It rises 55 meters, then dives 120 meters, then rises again by 75 meters. What is its final position relative to sea level?
A.-190 meters
B.-450 meters
C.-50 meters
D.10 meters
Challenging
Consider the following statements:
I. 15 - (-5) - 10 + 2 = 12
II. -8 - 3 + (-7) - (-1) = -17
III. 20 - 40 + 5 - (-10) = -5
Which of the statements are true?
A.I only
B.I and II only
C.I, II, and III
D.II and III only
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