Multiply by 3-digit numbers

Learning Objectives Accurately multiply any multi-digit number by a 3-digit number using the standard algorithm. Correctly align partial products based on place value when multiplying by a 3-digit number. Apply the distributive property to understand the mechanics of multi-digit multiplication. Estimate products to check the reasonableness of their calculated answers. Solve real-world problems that require multiplication by 3-digit numbers. Identify and correct common errors made during multi-digit multiplication, especially those involving zeros and carrying. Ever wonder how stores calculate the total cost for hundreds of items, or how many pixels are on a large screen? 🤯 It all comes down to multiplying big numbers! In this lesson, you'll learn how to confidently mu...

TermDefinitionExample MultiplicandThe number that is being multiplied.In $123 imes 456$, '123' is the multiplicand. MultiplierThe number by which another number is multiplied. In this lesson, it is always a 3-digit number.In $123 imes 456$, '456' is the multiplier. ProductThe result obtained when two or more numbers are multiplied together.The product of $10 imes 5$ is 50. Partial ProductThe result of multiplying the multiplicand by each digit of the multiplier separately, considering its place value.When multiplying $123 imes 456$, the result of $123 imes 6$ (738) is a partial product. Place ValueThe value of a digit based on its position in a number (e.g., ones, tens, hundreds, thousands).In the number 456, the '4' has a place value of hundreds (400),...

Standard Algorithm for Multi-Digit Multiplication To multiply a number by a 3-digit number, multiply the multiplicand by each digit of the multiplier (ones, tens, hundreds) separately, aligning partial products by place value, and then add the partial products. This is the most common and efficient method for manual multi-digit multiplication. It systematically breaks down the problem into simpler multiplications and then sums the results to find the final product. Place Value Alignment of Partial Products When multiplying by the ones digit of the multiplier, the partial product starts in the ones column. When multiplying by the tens digit, the partial product starts in the tens column (by adding a zero placeholder). When multiplying by the hundreds digit, the partial product...