Mathematics
Grade 5
15 min
Multiply three numbers up to two digits each
Multiply three numbers up to two digits each
Tutorial Preview
1
Introduction & Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
Multiply any three whole numbers, each with up to two digits.
Apply the Commutative Property of Multiplication to reorder factors for easier calculation.
Apply the Associative Property of Multiplication to strategically group factors.
Solve multi-step word problems that require multiplying three numbers.
Break down a three-factor multiplication problem into two smaller, manageable steps.
Accurately perform two-digit by two-digit multiplication as an intermediate step in a larger problem.
Imagine a video game where you collect 15 coins in 12 different levels, and each coin is worth 10 points. How would you find your total score? 🎮
In this tutorial, you will learn how to multiply three numbers together. This skill builds on what you already know about mul...
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Key Concepts & Vocabulary
TermDefinitionExample
FactorsThe numbers that are being multiplied together in a multiplication problem.In the problem 12 x 5 x 10, the factors are 12, 5, and 10.
ProductThe answer or result of a multiplication problem.In 8 x 9 = 72, the number 72 is the product.
Commutative Property of MultiplicationThis property states that you can change the order of the factors and the product will stay the same.8 x 25 is the same as 25 x 8. Both equal 200.
Associative Property of MultiplicationThis property states that you can change the grouping of the factors and the product will stay the same. Parentheses ( ) show which numbers to multiply first.(4 x 5) x 6 is the same as 4 x (5 x 6). Both equal 120.
Partial ProductWhen multiplying multi-digit numbers, a partial product is the result of multiplyin...
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Core Formulas
The Associative Property
(a \times b) \times c = a \times (b \times c)
This is the most important rule for this topic. It means you can multiply the first two numbers and then multiply that result by the third number. Or, you can multiply the second and third numbers and then multiply that result by the first number. The choice is yours!
The Commutative Property
a \times b \times c = c \times a \times b
This rule lets you reorder the numbers in any way you like. Use this to put 'friendly' numbers next to each other (like a 5 and an even number) before you use the Associative Property to group them.
Strategic Grouping
Look for pairs that make multiples of 10.
Before you start multiplying, scan the numbers. If you see numbers like 2 and 5, 4 and 25, or 8 and...
4 more steps in this tutorial
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Challenging
Find the missing factor in the equation: 15 × __ × 20 = 6,000
A.10
B.20
C.300
D.35
Challenging
Leo needs to calculate 13 × 25 × 4. He starts by multiplying 13 × 25. According to the tutorial, what is a more efficient strategy?
A.Multiply 13 × 4 first, because they are the smallest numbers.
B.Add 25 and 4 first, then multiply by 13.
C.Use the Commutative and Associative properties to multiply (25 × 4) first.
D.There is no more efficient strategy; multiplying left-to-right is always best.
Challenging
Which expression has a greater product? Expression X: 15 × 20 × 30 or Expression Y: 25 × 25 × 10.
A.Expression X is greater.
B.Expression Y is greater.
C.Both expressions are equal.
D.It is impossible to tell without a calculator.
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