Mathematics
Grade 5
15 min
Count on ten frames (up to 10)
Count on ten frames (up to 10)
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1
Introduction & Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
Review the structure and purpose of a ten frame.
Accurately represent numbers up to 10 using a ten frame.
Develop strategies for quickly identifying the number of filled and empty spaces on a ten frame.
Utilize ten frames to visualize 'counting on' from a given number up to 10.
Apply ten frame visualization to understand number composition and decomposition for numbers up to 10.
Connect ten frame strategies to mental math for making ten and understanding number bonds.
Ever wonder how visualizing numbers can make mental math super speedy? 🚀 Let's explore a powerful tool called a ten frame!
In this lesson, we'll revisit ten frames, a visual model that helps us understand numbers up to 10. Even in Grade 5, strengthening our foundational...
2
Key Concepts & Vocabulary
TermDefinitionExample
Ten FrameA rectangular grid of 10 squares, typically arranged in two rows of five, used to visualize numbers and develop number sense.A 2x5 grid with 7 squares filled, showing the number 7.
Counting OnA strategy for addition where you start from a given number and count up the remaining quantity.To find 6 + 3, start at 6 and count '7, 8, 9'.
Number CompositionUnderstanding how numbers are made up of smaller parts that combine to form a whole.The number 10 can be composed of 7 and 3.
Number DecompositionBreaking down a number into its smaller, constituent parts.Breaking down 10 into 6 and 4.
Making TenA mental math strategy where numbers are manipulated to form a sum of 10, simplifying calculations for larger numbers.To calculate 8 + 5, think 8 + 2 (to make...
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Core Formulas
Ten Frame Fullness Rule
$$\text{Filled Squares} + \text{Empty Squares} = 10$$
This rule highlights that a ten frame always has 10 total spaces. The sum of the filled squares and the empty squares will always equal 10.
Counting On Strategy
$$\text{Start Number} + \text{Counted On} = \text{Total}$$
To count on using a ten frame, start with the number of already filled squares and count each additional square until the desired total is reached or the frame is full.
Making Ten (for composition)
$$A + B = 10$$
Any two numbers A and B that sum to 10 are 'number partners' for ten. Ten frames visually demonstrate these pairs, aiding in mental math strategies.
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Challenging
Without looking at an image, visualize a ten frame. The difference between the number of filled squares and empty squares is 4. If there are more filled squares than empty ones, what number is shown?
A.4
B.6
C.8
D.7
Challenging
A full ten frame represents a value of 1.0. A student's frame is 0.4 full. To model the calculation 0.4 + 0.5, how many additional counters must they add, and what is the final decimal value shown?
A.Add 5 counters; the final value is 0.9.
B.Add 5 counters; the final value is 1.0.
C.Add 0.5 counters; the final value is 0.9.
D.Add 4 counters; the final value is 0.8.
Challenging
A key advantage of a ten frame for understanding number composition over a simple 1-10 number line is that the ten frame...
A.is more colorful and engaging for all students.
B.visually represents numbers as discrete quantities and shows their relationship to the anchors of 5 and 10.
C.can be used for numbers much larger than 10, unlike a number line.
D.is easier to draw freehand than a number line.
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