Mathematics
Grade 3
15 min
Relate multiplication and division
Relate multiplication and division
Tutorial Preview
1
Introduction & Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
Identify the parts of multiplication and division equations (factor, product, dividend, divisor, quotient).
Explain that multiplication and division are inverse operations.
Write a complete fact family of four related multiplication and division equations using three given numbers.
Use a known multiplication fact to solve a related division problem.
Represent the relationship between multiplication and division using arrays or equal groups.
Solve for an unknown number in a multiplication or division equation.
If you have 15 stickers to share equally among 3 friends, how many does each friend get? 🌟 How can multiplication help you figure that out?
In this lesson, we will discover that multiplication and division are like a team with opposite powers that...
2
Key Concepts & Vocabulary
TermDefinitionExample
FactorA number that is multiplied by another number to find a product.In the equation 4 × 5 = 20, the numbers 4 and 5 are the factors.
ProductThe answer to a multiplication problem.In the equation 4 × 5 = 20, the number 20 is the product.
DividendThe number that is being divided in a division problem.In the equation 20 ÷ 5 = 4, the number 20 is the dividend.
DivisorThe number that you divide by in a division problem.In the equation 20 ÷ 5 = 4, the number 5 is the divisor.
QuotientThe answer to a division problem.In the equation 20 ÷ 5 = 4, the number 4 is the quotient.
Inverse OperationsOperations that 'undo' each other. Multiplication and division are inverse operations.Starting with 5, if you multiply by 2 to get 10, you can divide 10 by 2 to get back to...
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Core Formulas
The Inverse Relationship Rule
If `a × b = c`, then `c ÷ b = a` and `c ÷ a = b`.
This rule shows that every multiplication fact gives you two related division facts. You can use this to check your work or solve a division problem if you know your multiplication facts.
The Commutative Property of Multiplication
`a × b = b × a`
This is the 'turn-around' rule for multiplication. It means you can multiply numbers in any order and get the same product. This is why there are two multiplication facts in a fact family.
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Challenging
A fact family uses the numbers 5, 9, and 45. Another fact family uses the numbers 9, 6, and 54. Which number is a factor in both fact families?
A.5
B.45
C.9
D.6
Challenging
There are 40 chairs to set up for a concert. The janitor knows 5 x 8 = 40. What does the number '8' represent in the division problem 40 ÷ 5 = 8?
A.The number of chairs in each of the 5 rows.
B.The total number of chairs.
C.The number of rows left to set up.
D.The number of broken chairs.
Challenging
Look at this pattern: 3x3=9, so 9/3=3. And 4x4=16, so 16/4=4. If a number multiplied by itself equals 36, what is 36 divided by that number?
A.36
B.18
C.12
D.6
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