English Language Arts
Grade 9
15 min
Formatting titles
Formatting titles
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1
Introduction & Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
Differentiate between titles requiring italics and those requiring quotation marks.
Correctly format titles of major works (e.g., books, plays, films, albums) using italics.
Correctly format titles of minor works (e.g., poems, short stories, articles, songs) using quotation marks.
Apply standard title case capitalization rules to any given title.
By the end of of this lesson, students will be able to integrate correctly formatted titles into their own analytical writing.
Identify and correct title formatting errors in provided examples.
Ever wonder why some titles are in *italics* and others are in "quotes"? 🤔 It's not random—it's a code that tells your reader exactly what kind of work you're talking about!
This tutorial will te...
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Key Concepts & Vocabulary
TermDefinitionExample
Major WorkA large, complete, and self-contained work. These are often referred to as 'containers' because they can hold smaller works within them.A novel (*The Hunger Games*), a film (*Black Panther*), a play (*Hamilton*), or a music album (*Lemonade*).
Minor WorkA smaller work that is typically part of a larger collection or publication. These are the pieces that go 'inside' a major work.A short story ("The Lottery"), a poem ("The Raven"), a song ("Bohemian Rhapsody"), or an article from a journal ("The Science of Sleep").
ItalicsA slanting typeface used to format the titles of major works. On a typewriter or when handwriting, underlining serves the same purpose.We are reading *Fahrenheit 451* in class.
Quo...
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Key Rules & Conventions
The 'Big vs. Small' Rule (Italics vs. Quotes)
Use italics for big, standalone works (containers). Use quotation marks for small works that are part of a bigger whole.
Think of it this way: a book is a big thing, so its title is italicized (*The Outsiders*). A chapter inside that book is a small part of it, so its title would be in quotes ("Rumble"). An album is big (*Folklore*); a song on it is small ("Cardigan"). A newspaper is big (*The New York Times*); an article in it is small ("City Announces New Park").
Title Case Capitalization
1. Capitalize the first and last words. 2. Capitalize all nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. 3. Do NOT capitalize articles (a, an, the), prepositions (of, in, on, with), or coordinating conju...
4 more steps in this tutorial
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Challenging
The 'container' analogy is central to the 'Big vs. Small' rule. This analogy is effective because it helps a writer visualize that...
A.All titles must contain at least two words to be formatted.
B.Italics represent the larger work that holds the smaller works, which are represented by quotation marks.
C.Quotation marks should only be used for direct quotes from a text, not for titles.
D.Longer titles should be italicized, while shorter titles should be in quotation marks.
Challenging
How would you correctly integrate the title of a short story that ends with a question mark into your own sentence that is a statement?
A.We are reading the story "Who Can Replace a Man?."
B.We are reading the story "Who Can Replace a Man?"
C.We are reading the story "Who Can Replace a Man?."
D.We are reading the story *Who Can Replace a Man?*
Challenging
You are writing an essay analyzing a specific webpage on a large, well-known website (e.g., an article on the NASA website). How should you format the webpage title and the website name?
A.Webpage title in italics; Website name in italics.
B.Webpage title in quotation marks; Website name in quotation marks.
C.Webpage title in italics; Website name in quotation marks.
D.Webpage title in quotation marks; Website name in italics.
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